Different Types of Solvents Used in Dry Cleaning
1. Aliphatic hydrocarbon solvents
There are a variety of aliphatic hydrocarbon solvents that can be used for different purposes. For example, n-propyl bromide is often used as a substitute for PERC in dry cleaning processes. This chemical is less expensive and less hazardous than PERC. Other alternatives to PERC require investment in expensive new dry cleaning equipment. Butyl is another common solvent used in dry cleaning, which has low volatility and high flashpoint. This chemical is used in a new dry-cleaning process called System K4TM. However, butyl may be carcinogenic, and OEHHA has listed it as a potential Proposition 65 carcinogen.
2. Aromatic hydrocarbon solvents
Aromatic hydrocarbon solvents are the most common type of dry-cleaning solvent. They are less aggressive but also less effective than PCE. Dry cleaners may use chlorinated hydrocarbons in combination with other dry cleaning solvents to speed up the process and reduce irritation.
3. Supercritical CO2
Supercritical CO2 is a solvent that can be used in dry cleaning. There are different types of solvents that can be used in dry cleaning with CO2. Supercritical CO2 is a very specialized solvent that can only be used in very specific circumstances and is known to be extremely effective at cleaning fabrics. Other solvents include niche, emerging, and experimental solvents which may have unique properties that make them useful for certain types of cleaning jobs.
4. Glycol ethers
Glycol ethers are a type of solvent that is used in dry cleaning. They are more environmentally friendly than PERC and pose fewer hazards. Glycol ethers are more effective than PERC when used in dry cleaning applications. Glycol ethers have a high solvency rating, making them a better choice for dry cleaning fluids than PERC.
How do I choose the right solvent for my needs?
Step 1: Determine the type of solvent you need.
1. To determine the type of solvent you need, first, identify the type of fabric you need to clean.
2. For example, if you are cleaning a delicate fabric like silk, you will need a less aggressive solvent than if you were cleaning something like denim.
3. Once you have identified the fabric, look for a dry cleaning solvent that is specifically designed for that type of fabric.
4. Some common solvents used in dry cleaning include PERC (perchloroethylene), hydrocarbon, and silicone-based solvents.
Step 2: Consider the properties of the solvent.
Different solvents have different properties that make them better or worse for different jobs. When choosing a solvent, it is important to consider what job needs to be done and what the solvent’s properties are.
Dry cleaning solvent is dangerous and should not be used near open flames. If doing more than spot cleaning, the work should be done outside on a breezy day.
Step 3: Choose a solvent with the right boiling point.
Different types of solvents can be used in dry cleaning, each with its own boiling point. DPTB has a boiling point of 140 degrees Celsius, making it a more environmentally friendly option than PERC. When choosing a solvent for dry cleaning, it is important to consider the boiling point in order to ensure that the chosen solvent will be effective.
Step 4: Consider the toxicity of the solvent.
When choosing a solvent for dry cleaning, always use extreme caution. Avoid getting the solvent on your skin or in your eyes. Always test the solvent on a discrete area to make sure it won’t do more harm than good. Use dry cleaning solvent sparingly to minimize the risk of toxicity.
Step 5: Choose a solvent that is compatible with your material.
1. Understand the cleaning process and the components involved.
2. Test a product for color transfer on a hidden area of fabric or carpet.
3. Choose the solvent that is best suited for your needs.
4. Follow the manufacturer’s instructions carefully.
5 Use a safe disposal method if you are finished with the solvent
